1. Presentation of the Italian system of territorial autonomies, with specific reference to regional and local institutions and the constitutional framework within which they operate.
2. In-depth examination of the distribution of competences among the State, Regions, and Municipalities, focusing on the legislative and administrative allocation set out in Title V of the Constitution.
3. Analysis of the State’s role in defining the fundamental principles that guide regional law-making, including areas of exclusive national competence.
4. Study of the legislative and administrative functions of the Regions, their normative instruments, and their relationships with local authorities.
5. Exploration of municipal competences, the principle of vertical subsidiarity, and the tools available to local governments in territorial and environmental policy.
6. Examination of coordination mechanisms between different levels of government, with particular attention to instruments of loyal cooperation and inter-institutional conferences.
7. Analysis of the national regulatory framework for the protection of water resources, including obligations, management plans, and authorization procedures.
8. Study of soil protection laws, including policies for preventing hydrogeological risks, territorial planning instruments, and environmental constraints.
9. Review of key European directives and policies on water and soil, such as the Water Framework Directive and EU initiatives on soil conservation and land-use regulation.
10. Discussion of case studies and comparative evaluation of how different Regions and Municipalities implement national and European environmental regulations.