HISTOCHEMISTRY, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
- Overview
- Assessment methods
- Learning objectives
- Contents
- Full programme
- Teaching methods
- Contacts/Info
The student, to access the course, must have knowledge and skills acquired in previous teachings, concerning human anatomy, physiology, general pathology, immunology, microbiology.
Final test will consist in an oral interview or a written exam that will focus on open questions or quiz on the topics covered in class.
The evaluation will take into consideration:
- detail, precision and significance in the theoretical contents acquired
- ability to present, argue and synthesize the leaned concepts with an appropriate language
- relevance and correctness
The personal re-elaboration of the learned contents and the ability to apply them to practical contexts will constitute a criterion of merit
The teaching activity aims to provide students with the basic tools to understand the techniques used in a Pathology Service.
Histochemical stainings for carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, minerals.
Immunohistochemical methods and techniques.
Electron microscopy methods and techniques.
HISTOCHEMISTRY
• Stainings
General stainings in histochemistry
Histochemical dyes: mechanisms of action
General topographic stainings
• Carbohydrates
Generalities
Stainings:
o PAS
o Alcian blue
o Alcian-PAS
o Metachromatics methods
• Nucleic acids
Generalities
Stainings:
o Feulgen’s reaction
o Methyl-Piranine green
• Proteins
Generalities
Stainings:
o van Gieson’s trichromic stain
o Mallory’s trichromic stain
o Masson’s trichromic stain
o Orcein staining
o Weigert’s staining
• Lipids
Generalities
Stainings:
o Oil Red-O
o Sudan black B
o Blue Nilus
o OTAN
o Schiff’s method
o Schultz’s method
• Biogenic amines
Generalities
Stainings:
o Chromaffin reaction
o Masson-Fontana staining
o Grimelius’ method
• Pigments
Generalities
Stainings:
o Schmorl’s method
o Perls’ method
• Minerals
von Kossa method for calcium
Perls’ method for iron
Rubeanic acid method for copper
• Enzymes
Generalities
• Tessuto nervoso
Generalities
Stainings:
o Cajal’s method
o Weigert’s method
o PTAH
• Muscolar tissue
Generalities
Stainings:
o nitro-BT method
• Hemopoietic tissue
Generalities
Stainings:
o giemsa
o PAS
o Silver impregnation method for reticular fibres
o Perls
• Amiloidosis
Generalities
Congo red
• Bacteria, fungi and othes microbic organisms
Bacteria
o Gram
o Ziehl-Nielsen
o Warthin-Starry
Fungi
o PAS
o Grocott
Viruses
Protozoa
o Giemsa
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
• Definition
• Antigens and antibodies
• Monoclonal and policlonal atibodies
• Techniques and methods in immunohistochemistry
immunofluorescence
enzymatic immunohistochemistry
immunogold
• Multiple antigens colocalizations
Serial sections
Multiple stains with eluition
Multiple stains without eluition
• Controls in immunohistochemistry
• Merkers in immunohistochemistry
ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
• Electron microscopy
History
Transmission electron microscopy
Scanning electron microscopy
• Inclusion
Sampling
Fixation
Epoxydic resins
Hydrophylic resins
Grids and support films
• Sectioning
Semi-thin sections
Ultra-thin sectioning
• Staining
Lead salts, uranyl salts
Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry.
The teaching is proposed through lectures conducted by the teacher with the use of support materials (slides, example models, documents, bibliographic materials ...).
Students are required to systematically proceed with the independent study of the provided material, prepare the activities to be carried out in the classroom (if needed), and actively participate in the proposed discussions.
Students are always invited to contact the teacher in case of need for further information or clarification.
Prof. Facco is available for students. Please contact using the following e-mail: carla.facco@asst-settelaghi.it