PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
The student must know: embryology, histology, biochemistry, general pathology
The final assessment will be an oral exam. The student will be evaluated by three professors in a single session. Exam questions will cover the above reported anatomic pathology program. The final grade will represent the average of each individual teacher’s assessment and it will evaluate the acquired knowledges, the ability to correlate it with the clinical practice, the expressive capacity and the specific attitude of the student toward the addressed subject.
The purpose of the course is to provide the basis of neoplastic and non neoplastic diseases and the molecular alterations underlying them, particularly in the field of oral cavity pathology. The student must be able to integrate the acquired notions with the available therapies in the clinical setting.
Cardio-vascular system
Arteriosclerosis. Vasculitis. Aneurysms. Ischemic heart disease: myocardial infarction, ischemic myocardiopathy. Systemic hypertension and related heart disease.
Respiratory system
Circulatory disorders: oedema, pulmonary embolism, bleeding, heart attack. Pulmonary atelectasis. Pulmonary emphysema, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchial asthma. Pneumonia and bronchopneumonia. Bronchogenic carcinoma (squamous carcinoma and small cell carcinoma), pulmonary adenocarcinoma, bronchial neuroendocrine tumours. Pulmonary metastases
Digestive system:
Oesophagitis. Oesophageal and relative precancerous tumours. Acute and chronic gastritis. Peptic ulcer. Stomach tumours: epithelial dysplasias, adenomas, carcinoma (early and advanced), stromal tumours (GIST). Gastric lymphomas (MALT). Celiac disease. Crohn's disease. Intestinal infarction. Ulcerative recto colitis. Jaundice and cholestasis. Drug hepatic injury. Ethyl hepatic disease. Acute viral hepatitis. Chronic viral hepatitis. NASH. Autoimmune chronic hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis. Hepatic cirrhosis Epatocarcinoma. Cholelithiasis and cholesterolosis of the gallbladder. Cholecystitis and cholangitis.. Acute pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic carcinoma.
Endocrine system
Pathology of the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis. Hypo- and hyperpituitarism, pituitary tumours. Thyroiditis. Thyroid hyperplasia (Graves' disease), thyroid tumours. Diabetes mellitus. Hyperparathyroidism. Hypoparathyroidism. Parathyroid tumours. Adrenal hypo- and hyperfunction, adrenal tumours
Hemolymphopoietic system
Autoimmune diseases. Immunodeficiency syndromes. Morphological pictures of myeloproliferative diseases. Morphological pictures of acute and chronic lymphatic and myeloid leukaemia. Hodgkin's disease. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Plasmacytoma. Infectious lymphadenitis. Lymphadenopathy. Anatomopathological bases of splenomegaly.
Head and neck pathology
Malformations of mandible and maxilla. Odontogenic cysts. Non-odontogenic cysts. Dental anomalies. Tooth decay. Pulpitis. Dental granulomas. periodontitis and paradentoses. Odontogenic epithelial tumors. Specific and non-specific inflammatory processes of the oral cavity and paranasal sinuses. Leukoplakia and oral precancerosis. Epulis. Neoplasms of the perioral skin and lips. Tumors of the oral mucosa and tongue. Sialadenitis. Salivary gland tumors. Tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Neck cysts. Branchial cysts. Tumors. mesenchymal of the oral cavity. Oral pathology secondary to systemic diseases
Female genital tract
Precancerous cervix. HPV and cervical-uterine carcinoma. Endometrial hyperplasia. Benign tumours of the uterus. Malignant tumours of the uterine body. Ovarian tumours: primitive and metastatic.
Central nervous system
Cerebral oedema and hypertension. Cerebrovascular diseases. Meningitis. Pathology of the cerebral arteries. Gliomas. CNS lymphomas. CNS metastases.
Skin
Benign epithelial tumours (seborrheic keratosis, epidermal cysts, keratoacanthoma, tumours of cutaneous appendages) and malignant ones (actinic keratoses, basocellular epithelioma, squamocellular epithelioma). Dermal tumours: fibrous histiocytoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans; Kaposi's haemangioma and sarcoma. Nevi and melanomas.
Lectures