GENERAL PATHOLOGY

Degree course: 
Corso di First cycle degree in Imaging and Radiotherapy techniques
Academic year when starting the degree: 
2021/2022
Year: 
2
Academic year in which the course will be held: 
2022/2023
Course type: 
Basic compulsory subjects
Seat of the course: 
Varese - Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Credits: 
2
Period: 
First Semester
Standard lectures hours: 
24
Detail of lecture’s hours: 
Lesson (24 hours)
Requirements: 

Basic knowledge of Biology

The General Pathology exam consists of a written test with 33 multiple choice questions to be carried out in 30 minutes. 1 point will be awarded if all the answers of the question are correct, and zero points if even one answer of the question is wrong.
The exam questions are aimed at defining:
- knowledge and understanding of physiological and pathological mechanisms,
- the ability to apply knowledge and understanding,
- the ability to learn the topics covered in the two aggregate courses.

Assessment: 
Voto Finale

Refer to the content of the entire integrated course

Through the course of General Pathology students learn the basic knowledge of modern cellular and molecular pathology, as well as degenerative, inflammatory and neoplastic pathologies. Part of the course is dedicated to the study of the natural and acquired mechanisms of immunity. Particular attention is given to the study of acute and chronic inflammation with specific pathologies related to the pathogenesis of acquired retrovirus-mediated immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to the study of the onset, maintenance and spread of the neoplastic process.

General notions of Pathology:
Etiology (extrinsic causes, mechanisms of action of chemical and physical agents; intrinsic causes, genetic diseases)
Pathogenesis, Morphological and functional modifications
Cellular modifications (causes of cellular damage, necrosis, apoptosis)
Cell growth and differentiation (atrophy, hypertrophy, hypoplasia, hyperplasia, metaplasia)
Inflammation (acute inflammation: vascular and cellular modifications, chemotactic mediators, regeneration and repair of the lesion; chronic inflammation: histology, cellular infiltration, tubercular granuloma)
Inflammation-related diseases: Allergy (type I, II, III, IV), organ specific and systemic autoimmune diseases.
Innate and Adaptive Immunity: lymphoid organs, cells and mediators of the humoral and cellular responses, Major Histocompatibility Complex: polymorphism, function and role in the rejection of transplanted organs. Examples of congenic immunodeficiencies.
Pathogenesis of AIDS
- HIV infection: receptors, co-receptors and cellular targets
- Immune dysfunctions in HIV infection
- Clinical course of HIV infection
Oncology: control of cellular proliferation, anaplasia, tumors classifications; benign and malignant tumors; carcinogenesis: physical and chemical agents, oncogenic viruses; oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes; monoclonality of tumors; multistep carcinogenesis; the metastatic process

Lectures. Additional material will also be provided (educational videos using the JOVE platform and scientific manuscripts) to learn more about the different topics and guide the student in understanding the various immunological processes. The class attendance is mandatory

Office hours previous appointment by e-mail (greta.forlani@uninsubria.it) at Laboratories of General Pathology and Immunology “Giovanna Tosi”, Pad. Biffi, via O.Rossi 9, Varese.

Professors

Parent course