APPLIED AND GENERAL HYGIENE

Degree course: 
Corso di First cycle degree in Nursing
Academic year when starting the degree: 
2020/2021
Year: 
2
Academic year in which the course will be held: 
2021/2022
Course type: 
Basic compulsory subjects
Seat of the course: 
Varese - Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Credits: 
2
Period: 
First Semester
Standard lectures hours: 
30
Detail of lecture’s hours: 
Lesson (30 hours)
Requirements: 

The scientific knowledge provided by the teachings of previous years is considered useful, in particular the knowledge of general concepts of statistics

For the evaluation of the learning outcomes, a final written test will be carried out, consisting of 16 multiple choice questions that cover all the topics covered in the course; Each correct answer is evaluated by two points. The minimum score to pass the examen is 20. The candidate, having read the evaluation and, if he asks, his written test, can agree with the Teacher a supplementary oral exam on a date to be defined. The objective of the exam is to verify the level of achievement of the previously indicated training objectives, evaluating the level of knowledge and deepening of the topics addressed. The grade is expressed in thirtieths (single grade of the integrated course).

Assessment: 
Voto Finale

The Teaching Unit aims to provide the student with:
- the main knowledge on terminology, methods and tools in the fields of hygiene, epidemiology and public health, with particular regard to the field of nursing
- the basis for developing a scientific methodological approach, using the logics and tools of hygiene, to actively participate in the planning and implementation of prevention interventions

INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC HEALTH:
The concept of health; evolution of public health and current epidemiological scenario; public health instruments; prevention; fields of application
PART I - EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
1. Risk factors, sources and reservoirs of infection, mode of transmission;
2. Population Interventions: Vaccinations (programming, vaccination coverage, the problem of real and perceived effectiveness, misinformation and infoedemia), passive immunoprophylaxis, chemoprophylaxis, disinfection and sterilization, health surveillance and notification
3. Health management of SarCOV2 infection: Epidemiology, risk scenarios and specific prevention
4. Interventions in care facilities (Hospital hygiene): Healthcare-associated infections, HICs and procedures for the prevention of infections related to health care (hand washing, use of PPE, instrumentation management, environment), management of medical waste
5. Environmental hygiene and food hygiene
PART II - EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
1. Risk factors, assessment of intervention priorities (effect, impact, modifyability);
2. Primary prevention interventions (health promotion, health education) and tertiary (health education. and therapeutic education.): risk factors and specific interventions (smoking, alcohol, Mediterranean diet, physical activity), methodology for health education
3. Secondary prevention interventions - screenings: criteria, methodology, specific examples, current and new fields of application
4. Risk assessment: applications of risk scores in public health, new biomarkers – OMICS
5. Personalized Prevention (4S)
PART III - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODOLOGY
1. The main epidemiological studies: descriptive, cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, ecological, clinical trials, secondary studies (systematic review and metanalysis)
2. Frequency measures: prevalence, incidence, incidence rates
3. Association measures: relative risk, odds ratio, absolute risk and attributable risk
PART IV - VALIDITY OF STUDIES
1. Bias and confounding: selection, information and confounding bias
2.Interaction and mediation
3.Confounding control methods: sample selection, data collection, randomization, restriction, pairing, stratified and multivariate analyses
PART V - THE MAIN SOURCES OF INFORMATION OF HEALTH DATA
1. Death registry and hospital discharge registry
2.Pathology registers: cancer registry, rare disease registry
PART VI - THE HEALTH SYSTEM
1. Italian national and regional health organization
2. Hospital and territorial organization of the NHS (Companies, prevention departments, districts)
2. Elements of health planning and organization: national and regional health plans
2. Elements of health planning and organization: national and regional health plans
3. Definitions of health economics and management (evidence based practice, risk management, case management, quality of care, HTA
3. Exercise of evidence based practice: use of bibliographic databases

Igiene per le professioni sanitarie. Ricciardi G, Ed. Idelson-Gnocchi, 2014
Lesson slides and supplementary materials, uploaded on the e-learning webpage

The course is based on lectures with slide presentation, examples, exercises and practical sections on the use of bibliographic databases on the web (PubMed), drawing of epidemiological studies, population surveys, meta-analysis.
There will be thematic lessons with experts in the field.
Examples from recent international literature will be used to supplement specific topics. To allow students the possibility of self-assessment, at the end of the course questionnaires with multiple choice questions are proposed in the classroom. The tests are then analyzed and discussed in the classroom; They are not withdrawn by the teacher and have no weight for the final evaluation.

Available on request: licia.iacoviello@uninsubria.it Phone: 0331 217223 EPIMED via Rossi 9 – Pal. Rossi - 21100 Varese.
Email: licia.iacoviello@uninsubria.it
Skype contact: licia.iacoviello

Professors

IACOVIELLO LICIA