GENERAL BIOLOGY - CO
No prerequisites are needed
CHIMICA
Knowing the chemical basis of biological phenomena, mostly those important in physiology, diseases, and clinical practice, at the level of cells, tissues and total body. Approaching the own language and method of experimental life sciences.
BIOLOGIA, Docente Giovanni Porta
The molecular, cellular, tissue and systemic scale of the human physio-pathology explained by the the biological and genetic point of view. Introduce the dictionary of the experimental and biological science applied to medicine. The knowledge of the pathological phenotype as the interaction of the genotype with the environment.
CHIMICA
1) CHEMICAL BONDS. Covalent and ionic bonding, molecules and crystals
2) SOLUTIONS. Water properties, solvation and electrolytes, hydrogen bond, concentration of the solutions.
3) ACID-BASE BALANCE. Fundamentals (strength of the acids and the bases pH, pK), buffering, biological buffers, Handerson-Hasselbalch equation
4) BIOENERGETICS (I). Principles of the thermodynamics, free energy and spontaneous reactions, high-energy bonds.
5) BIOENERGETICS (II). Redox potentials, redox pairs of particular biological importance, oxidative phosphorylation.
6) ENZYMES. Reaction rate and chemical equilibrium, catalysts and biological catalysis, specificity and control of enzymatic reactions
7) ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Functional groups: alcohol, aldehydes, ketones, carboxyl acids, amines. Nomenclature and main characteristics. Main types of isomers. Aromatic compounds.
8) LIPIDS. Fatty acids, triglycerides and phospholipids. Detergents and micelles. NUCLEIC ACIDS. Nitrogenous bases and nucleotides, DNA and RNA
9) CARBOHYDRATES. Monosaccharides, pentoses, hexoses, anomers and epimers; glycosidic bond, di- and polysaccharides
10) AMINOACIDS AND PROTEINS. General structure and properties of the main side chains. Peptide bond and protein structure.
BIOLOGIA
Mendelism
The function of DNA
The structure of DNA
Duplication of DNA
Semi-conservative duplication
Replication fork
RNA
Transcription
Traduction
Proteic Syntesis
Genetic code
Bacteric ricombination
Chromosomes
The mitosis
The meiosis
Mutations
Examples of mutations
Molecular biology
CHIMICA
All didactic material presented in the classes as well the one necessary for the preparation of the examination (slides, pantries, exercises) is available in the e-learning platform.
Textbook suggested according to the individual preferences (written in Italian).
M. Samaja, R. Paroni - Chimica e Biochimica per le lauree triennali dell’area biomedica – Piccin editore (simple but complete, suitable for the Biochemistry class too).
Fiecchi A., Galli Kienle M., Scala A, Chimica e propedeutica biochimica - edi ermes editore (synthetic and complete);
Stefani S., Taddei N. - Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia applicata - Zanichelli editore (more details and points of view);
Roberti R., Alunni Bistocchi G., Elementi di Chimica e Biochimica - McGraw Hill editore (very simple and synthetic).
BIOLOGIA
Text provided in the e learning platform
text: Tiepolo Laudani , Le basi biologiche dell'Ereditarietà ed La Goliardica Pavese.
All the slides and the exercises shown in classes is available in the e learning platform