HUMAN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- Overview
- Assessment methods
- Learning objectives
- Contents
- Full programme
- Bibliography
- Teaching methods
- Contacts/Info
To take the final exam of Pathophysiology it is necessary to have previously passed the exam of Human Anatomy and to have in-depth knowledge of Biochemistry
The assessment of the achievement of the objectives set by the Course provides for a final exam on all topics included in the program.
The Physiology exam consists of a test performed by computer support (PC) comprising 40 multiple choice questions to be completed in 45 minutes, with an assessment of 0.825 points for each correct answer and 0 points for each incorrect or missing answer.
The General Pathology exam consists of a written test with 33 multiple choice questions to be carried out in 30 minutes. 1 point will be awarded if all the answers of the question are correct, and zero points if even one answer of the question is wrong.
The exam questions are aimed at defining:
- knowledge and understanding of physiological and pathological mechanisms,
- the ability to apply knowledge and understanding,
- the ability to learn the topics covered in the two aggregate courses.
For Pharmacology, the achievement of the course objectives will be assessed by an oral exam of about 15 minutes concerning the contents of the module. In formulating the judgment, the teacher takes into account, in addition to the accuracy and completeness of the answer, also of:
- clarity of exposition,
- properties of the terminology used,
- ability to connect and elaborate the knowledge acquired.
The objective of the Physiolopathology Course is to provide students with all the information necessary to understand, from a biophysical-quantitative point of view, the modalities of functioning of the various organs and systems of the organism in normal conditions, of the modifications and perturbations that they determine pathological events and pharmacological intervention mechanisms able to restore a condition as close as possible to the physiological one.
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. describe the fundamental functional parameters that characterize the physiological and pathological conditions of cells, tissues and organs;
2. explain the functioning of cells and tissues and the modifications induced by pathological conditions
3. use biophysical-quantitative tools (equations, graphs) to describe and analyze the processes involved;
4. describe the mechanisms of action of drugs on cells and tissues.
5. describe the mechanisms underlying the coordinated and interactive functioning of several organs and systems and any pathological disturbances
6. analyze the phenomena that lead to possible modifications of the quantitative and functional parameters as the organic conditions vary
7. discuss the topics dealt with clearly and using the appropriate technical language.
8. explain how the changes in the functional balance found in physiological conditions lead to the onset of pathophysiological conditions of clinical interest for cells, tissues and organs and any available pharmacological interventions
The teaching is divided into three modules:
1. Physiology 3 credits
2. General Pathology 2 credits
3. Pharmacology 1 ECTS
Course content HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY:
Central and autonomic nervous system.
Skeletal muscle and locomotion.
Cardiac muscle
Vascular and lymphatic system
Pulmonary and coronary circulation.
Control of the cardiovascular system.
Respiratory system, exchanges and transport of respiratory gases.
Nervous and chemical control of ventilation.
Excretory system and regulation of the volume and osmoticity of body fluids
Acid base balance.
Energy metabolism.
Temperature control.
Digestive system.
Endocrine system.
GENERAL PATHOLOGY course:
Through the course of General Pathology students learn the basic knowledge of modern cellular and molecular pathology, as well as multicellular degenerative, inflammatory and neoplastic pathological processes. Part of the course is dedicated to the study of the natural and acquired mechanisms of immunity. Particular attention is given to the study of acute and chronic inflammation with specific pathologies related to the pathogenesis of acquired retrovirus-mediated immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to the study of the onset, maintenance and spread of the neoplastic process.
PHARMACOLOGY course:
Principles and phases of the preclinical and clinical trial of drugs. in particular, topics relating to the preparation of preclinical (technical objectives, models of trials) and clinical (principles and phases of clinical trials, objectives of clinical trials, phases of clinical trials, examples of clinical trials) will be dealt with.
Notes on the role of ethics committees in clinical trials. Experimental determination of the bioequivalence of drugs. Adverse reaction concept.
Outlines of toxicology: classification of toxic substances, mechanism of action of the main classes of toxic substances, antidotes.
Si vedano le pagine dei singoli moduli
Pleasse refer to
the pages of the individual modules
In all three modules of the Integrated Course, teaching will be delivered through lectures. With the help of images, schemes, graphs and analytical treatments underlying the behavior of cells, tissues and organs, the student will be guided to understand the different, but integrated, physiological, pathological and pharmacological processes.
The professors are available to students every day by appointment by e-mail
Modules
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Credits: 3
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Credits: 2
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Credits: 1