ALGEBRA 2

Degree course: 
Corso di First cycle degree in MATHEMATICS
Academic year when starting the degree: 
2018/2019
Year: 
2
Academic year in which the course will be held: 
2019/2020
Course type: 
Compulsory subjects, characteristic of the class
Credits: 
8
Period: 
First Semester
Standard lectures hours: 
64
Detail of lecture’s hours: 
Lesson (64 hours)
Requirements: 

Algebra 1 course content or equivalent: set and group theory.

Final Examination: 
Orale

Written and oral exam.
The written examination lasts 2 hours and 30 minutes and tipically consists of 4 or 5 exercises divided in subquestions. It is required the ability to establish properties of the algebraic structures, to determine the canonical forms of a square matrix and to justify all the statement given.
The written examination is graded on a scale from 0 to 30. Students need a grade of 14/30 or more to be admitted to the oral examination.

The oral examination usually begins with the discussion of the written test. The student will then be required to present some of the results seen in class. It will be object of evaluation the ability to present a proof in a complete and rigorous
Passing examination and the final grading depend both on oral and written tests.

Assessment: 
Voto Finale

Knowledge of main results in ring and module theory. Applications to the study of canonical form of matrices and to the classification of finitely generated abelian groups.

At the end of the course the student will be able to establish properties of algebraic structures with more than one operation, to apply Sylow theory to get information about the structure of finite groups, to recognize finitely generated abelian groups and to determine several canonical forms of a square matrix.

Topics in groups theory 12 hours
Subgroups of finite p-groups. Sylow's theorem. Semidirect product of groups.

Rings 30 hours
Definitions. Zero divisors. Invertible elements. Integral rings and integral domains. Division rings. Fields. Quaternions. Field of fractions of a domain.
Subrings, ring homomorphisms. Isomorphism theorem. Ideal and quotient ring. Characteristic of a ring. Prime subfield of a ring.
Polynomial rings. Formal power series ring. Universal property of polynomial rings. Multivariate polynomials.
Divisibility in integral domain. Associate elements. Prime and irreducible elements. Unique factorization domains (UFD) and their characterization. Highest common factor and least common multiple. Euclidean domains. Euclid's algorithm. Division of polynomials. Zeroes of polynomials. Factorization of polynomials. Gauss' lemma. Theorem: the polynomial ring over a UFD is a UFD.
Extensions of fields. Algebraic elements. Minimal polynomial. Transcendent elements. Roots of unity. Finite fields.

Modules 22 hours
Endomorphism ring of an abelian group. Left and right modules over a ring. Opposite ring. Left and right ideals. Submodules. Module homomorphisms. Direct product of modules. Independent modules. Linear independent elements. Submodule generated by a subset. Free modules. Basis. Annihilators of elements and modules. Cyclic modules.
Principal ideal domains (PID). Classification of finitely generated modules over PID. Finitely generated abelian groups. Jordan's canonical form of a matrix. Minimum polynomial of a matrix.

Topics in groups theory 12 hours
Subgroups of finite p-groups. Sylow's theorem. Semidirect product of groups.

Rings 30 hours
Definitions. Zero divisors. Invertible elements. Integral rings and integral domains. Division rings. Fields. Quaternions. Field of fractions of a domain.
Subrings, ring homomorphisms. Isomorphism theorem. Ideal and quotient ring. Characteristic of a ring. Prime subfield of a ring.
Polynomial rings. Formal power series ring. Universal property of polynomial rings. Multivariate polynomials.
Divisibility in integral domain. Associate elements. Prime and irreducible elements. Unique factorization domains (UFD) and their characterization. Highest common factor and least common multiple. Euclidean domains. Euclid's algorithm. Division of polynomials. Zeroes of polynomials. Factorization of polynomials. Gauss' lemma. Theorem: the polynomial ring over a UFD is a UFD.
Extensions of fields. Algebraic elements. Minimal polynomial. Transcendent elements. Roots of unity. Finite fields.

Modules 22 hours
Endomorphism ring of an abelian group. Left and right modules over a ring. Opposite ring. Left and right ideals. Submodules. Module homomorphisms. Direct product of modules. Independent modules. Linear independent elements. Submodule generated by a subset. Free modules. Basis. Annihilators of elements and modules. Cyclic modules.
Principal ideal domains (PID). Classification of finitely generated modules over PID. Finitely generated abelian groups. Jordan's canonical form of a matrix. Minimum polynomial of a matrix.

P.M. Cohn, Classic Algebra, Wiley.

Exercises, exam problems, and lecture notes available on the class web page.

Frontal lectures: 64 hours

For further detail go to the web page of the course.

Professors