GENERAL PHATOLOGY AND PHATOPHISIOLOGY
- Overview
- Assessment methods
- Learning objectives
- Contents
- Bibliography
- Delivery method
- Teaching methods
- Contacts/Info
Adequate knowledge of the notions of Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry and Immunology is recommended, prior taking this exam.
Verification of learning is carried out with written and oral exam that will be administered in order to assess the acquisition of the course contents.
In order to pass exam, the student must:
- know the etiological basis and pathogenetic mechanisms of human diseases and be able to analyse the main cellular and molecular aspects
- know the multicellular pathological processes, the tissue and systemic changes of the main human diseases
For each course topic, the following will contribute to the final mark:
- knowledge and understanding of the topic
- ability to critically discuss about a human disease
- competence and use of appropriate terminology
- ability to explore the topics independently
The course of Pathology and General Physiopathology aims to transmit to the students a deep knowledge about the aetiology of diseases in humans and the complexity of pathological phenomena. The course aims to acquire the basic notions and terminology of medical physiopathology.
At the end of the course the student shall know and understand the etiological bases and molecular mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of diseases of the main organs and systems.
CELLULAR HOMEOSTASIS AND RESPONSE OF THE TISSUE TO DAMAGE
- State of health
- Causes and mechanisms of cell damage
- Cellular response to stress and cellular adaptations.
- Cell death: necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy
ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
- Cause, cells and phases of the acute inflammatory process
- Main mediators of acute inflammation and chronic inflammation
RENEWAL AND TISSUE REPAIR
- Cell regeneration, tissue growth and stem cells
- Mechanisms of tissue regeneration angiogenesis and fibrosis
ONCOLOGY
- Carcinogenic agents
- Classification of tumors and differences between malignant and benign neoplasms.
- Metastasis, staging and tumors stage classification
- The molecular basis and phases in neoplastic transformation and progression
- Cellular and molecular characteristics of cancer cells
- Oncogenes and tumor suppressors
- Hallmarks of cancer
- Immunotherapy and tumors
- Nutraceuticals and cancer prevention
VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL DISEASES
- Physiopathological mechanisms of atherosclerosis, clinical manifestations and complications.
- Physiopathological mechanisms of thrombosis and aneurysm, clinical manifestations and complications.
NUTRITIONAL PATHOLOGIES:
- Food-related diseases
- Hyponutritional diseases
- Obesity
- Pathologies from deficiencies of vitamins and minerals
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:
- Etiopathogenetic mechanisms and heart failure characteristics
- Mechanisms, causes, clinical features and complications of ischemic heart disease, congenital heart diseases, valve heart diseases and cardiomyopathies
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Acid / base balance equilibrium: respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis
- Acute and chronic respiratory failure
- Obstructive and restrictive lung diseases
- Infectious lung diseases: pneumonia and tuberculosis
PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
- Pathologies of endocrine axes
- Thyroid disease: hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and thyroid tumors
- Pathologies of the parathyroid and adrenal gland
- Pathology of the endocrine pancreas: diabetes
RENAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis
- The nephrotic syndrome
- Tubulointerstitial diseases
- Nephrolithiasis and obstructive pathology of the urinary tract
- Acute and chronic renal failure
- Infectious pathology of the lower and upper urinary tract
HEPATIC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
- Hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver failure
- Pathologies of the biliary tract.
Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, Elsevier;
Kumar/Abbas/Aster – ROBBINS Basic Pathology– Edra ed. – 9° ed. 2013
Course content will be covered in 48 hours of classroom lectures on all the topics of the syllabus.
Lectures will also make use of Powerpoint presentation, covering all the topics.
Students can contact the teacher by mail:(denisa.baci@uninsubria.it).
Location: Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology (1st floor), Pavilion ex Colonia Agricola, via Monte Generoso 71 (int. 3) Varese.
The teacher is available for further in-depth explanation on the topics covered, following appointment.