The course will deal with some general contents and with some specific clinical contents. General contents will be introduced using some clinical models based on thromboembolic disorders at high prevalence, such as peripheral arterial disease and stroke to represent arterial diseases and deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism to represent venous disorders. Peripheral arterial disease represents a model to discuss the mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis and the concept of a multisite disorder, introducing the principles of primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disorders. Stroke is a model that allows the comparison between different mechanisms of thrombus formation, from atherosclerosis to stasis, introducing to the therapeutic implications for the primary and secondary prevention of these disorders. Finally, venous thromboembolic diseases will offer the possibility to discuss the concept of thrombophilia and its implications and to apply the principles of Bayesian theories using integrated diagnostic approaches.