Peripheral vascular access in interventional cardiology. Hemodynamic evaluation: intracavitary pressure recording and oximetry. Morphologic and functional evaluation of the coronary arteries: coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasounds, assessment of the functional reactivity of the vessels; procedure-related complications. Electrophysiologic study: methodologies, stimulation protocols, intracavitary electrogram interpretation; procedure-related complications. Peculiar procedures: transseptal catheterization ed percutaneous transpericardial approach. Cardiac mapping: concepts of conventional cardiac mapping; electroanatomic mapping. Catheter ablation: biophysic principles using radiofrequency and cryothermal energy, identification of target sites, procedure endpoints. Device for closure of the left atrial appendage, atrial septal defect, and patent foramen.